N'DJAMENA, 6 February (UNHCR) – Chadians who had fled to Cameroon to escape fighting between rebel and government forces started trickling back home Wednesday morning after an uneasy calm returned to the Chad capital N'Djamena. Some were returning just for the day and planning to return to Cameroon overnight. But, other residents of the capital were still making their way across the border bridge to the security of the neighbouring country.

"Yesterday and this morning (Wednesday) some people were crossing back from Kousseri in Cameroon to N'Djamena for the day to check on their property," said Gilbert Loubaki, leader of a nine-person UNHCR emergency team dispatched to the border town of Kousseri. But, the uneasy security situation in N'Djamena has left most Chadians cautious about returning.

The UN refugee agency team in Kousseri estimates 20,000 to 30,000 Chadians streamed over the Chari River to Kousseri in Cameroon after fighting erupted in the Chad capital last Saturday between rebel forces and the army. Fighting has eased in the capital over the last two days but sporadic shelling could still be heard on Wednesday in the outskirts of N'Djamena.

The UN refugee agency emergency team is on the ground in Kousseri to help provide shelter and assistance to those Chadians who fled. A two-flight airlift to rush emergency relief supplies to Kousseri for the refugees is scheduled to get underway later Wednesday with the first flight from Dubai expected to land in Cameroon early Thursday. The two flights are carrying 90 tonnes of supplies from the agency's stockpiles in Dubai including plastic sheeting, jerry cans, blankets, mosquito nets, kitchen sets and plastic rolls. These supplies will be enough for 14,000 refugees and will boost the aid supplies for distribution already in Cameroon. A UNHCR truck with 15 tonnes of relief items including blankets, plastic sheeting and cooking sets arrived in Kousseri on Tuesday after a two-day trip from Bertoua, in eastern Cameroon.

Many refugees are staying with relatives in Kousseri, some have found refuge in schools while others are staying in the few hotels of the town. Between 7,000-10,000 refugees are staying at Madana transit centre located near the bridge over the Chari River. The UNHCR emergency team was scheduled to start building latrines and showers with the Cameroon Red Cross Wednesday to provide basic comfort and sanitation for the refugees.

"We want to first stabilize their situation before moving them next week to a more appropriate site in Maltam, some 32 kilometres from Kousseri," says Loubaki. The camp can host up to 100,000 people and is equipped with wells.

In eastern Chad, meanwhile, UNHCR and its partners continue to care for hundreds of thousands of refugees and displaced people despite the evacuation of 25 non-essential staff from UNHCR's main field operations base at Abéché because of security concerns.

UNHCR and its partners run 12 camps in eastern Chad sheltering some 240,000 Sudanese refugees from neighbouring Darfur. Another 50,000 refugees from the Central African Republic live in camps in southern Chad. In addition, UNHCR is involved in providing help to some of the 180,000 Chadians who have been displaced internally by earlier unrest in Chad.

These hundreds of thousands of uprooted people in Chad depend on international support and a very tenuous aid lifeline that must reach some of the most desolate and isolated parts of the country.